BIOCHEMISTRY OF DIGESTIVE
DISORDER
INTRODUCTION-: The entire digestive process consist of
Swallowing in the mouth followed by passing to stomach
through pharynx and oesophagus.In stomach initiation of
digestion of protein takes place in addition stomach may reject
irritating substances and destroy micro organism.
The biochemical aspect of digestive disorder
Mainly concerned with Nature of secreation like gastric secreation,
Intestinal secreation, pancreas secreation and way in which this
Secreation is disturbed in various digestive disorder.
Various disease of stomach may depend
Upon infectness of gastric mucosa the rate of secreation of HCL by
Uninjured parietal cell,rate and volume of other secreation in stomach
HCL in the stomach convert pepsinogen to active pepsin and provide
Optimum ph for peptic digestion in the stomach.
Achlorhydria-is the absence of Hcl due to
histamine induced gastric secreation.in this condition gastric juice
containmore than normal amount of base in combination of cl` and
bicarbonate
Hypochlorhydria-is the possibility of
occurance of chronic Gastritis.
PEPTIC ULCER-:Term refers to the loss of tissue confind to the
stomach and upper portion of duodenum bcz of action of acid containing
gastric juice more than 1004 ml/day but normal value is 580 ml/day
Treatment of peptic ulcer is use of alkaline
Materials such as Caco3,Na2co3,Mgo2
Glucose tolerance is altered in patient with
Peptic ulcer and decrease plasma level of Vit ^A^
DISEASE OF INTESTINE-:Are observed such as inflammation,
Neoplasm,ulcerative disease and functional disorders
The volm of pancreatic juice secreated daily
Is about 1500 ml/day and ph is 7.8-8.4
The loss of intestinal juice result in
dehyderation and acidosis.that laeds to hyporetinimia hyporcholoridia is
characterize by the presence of excessive amount of Fat in stool this is
caused by cystic fibrosis of pancreas.the failure of fat absorption is known
as celiac disease.
ULCERATIVE COLITIS-:Ulceration of mucosa of colon cause
Ulcerative colitis a negative Nitrogen balance has been observed hence
Electrolyte patern of serum plasma is altered.The concentration of ca+,na+
cl- are definitely decreased below the normal levels
The fatty liver develops due to the lack of
Lipotrophic agentssuch as methionine and choline.in this prothrombin level
go down and if give 1mg of vit k administered parentaly level will be
normal. sometimes in Hepatocellulor disease even huge amounts of vit K
will not affect the decreased level of prothrombin.
ACUTE RUMEN TYMPANY/BLOAT-:Seen when cattle consume
Large Quantity of legumes or fed with high concentrate diet bcz of change
in the ruminal content to a foamy or froathy bcz of altered surface tention
and gas become traped in small bubbles and can not eliminated
Treatment-is give only balance diet and
purgatives like oil.
BOVINE KETOSIS-:Seen in bovines due to increase in milk
Production particularly soon after parturition if animal not getted
suffiecient diet of CHO and Ketone bodies formed.
PREGNANCY TOXEMIA IN EWES-:Deu to insufficient CHO
diet in sheep particularly when it gives birth twins
LESS IMPORTANT DISEASE
HEPATIC DISORDER
GALL BLADER STONES- Interfere release of bile and effect fat digesition
ROLE OF ENZYMES IN DIGESTIONOF ORGANIC CONSTITUENTS
SOURCE ENZYME SUBSTITUTE END PRODUCT
Mouth salivary CHO(starch and Maltose salivary gland amylase glycogen)
Stomach pepsin protein protease(more A.A) and
Gland peptones(less A.A)
Pancreas Trypsin protein,protease polypeptides and dipeptides
Peptones
Chymotrypsin same same
Corboxypeptidase polypeptides at the lower peptides and free A.A
Free carboxyl end
Of the chain
Pancreatic amylase starch and glycogen maltose
Lipase fat fatty acid mono and diacyl
Glycerols
Liver and bile salts and fats emulsifications of fats
and Gall alkali
bladder
Small aminopeptidase polypeptides lower peptides and free A.A
Intestine
Dipeptidase dipeptides A.A
Sucrase sucrose glucose
Maltase maltose glucose
Lactase lactose same
COMPILED BY-:
RV/O7-I6 IMRAN KHAN
RV/O7-19 KALYANI
RV/O7-20 KARTHIKA
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